Preliminary exploration on operation process for autologous ozonized blood transfusion / 中国输血杂志

Autologous ozonized blood transfusion(AOBT) is a therapy of re-transfusion of 100-200 mL of autologous blood after shaking and agitation with appropriate amount of oxygen-ozone in vitro. The oxidation of blood through the strong oxidation of ozone can enhance the non-specific immune response of the body, regulate the internal environment and promote health. This therapy has been increasingly applied in clinical practice, while no unified standard for the operation process in terms of ozone concentration, treatment frequency and treatment course had been established. This operation process of AOBT is primarily explored in order to standardize the operation process and ensure its safety and efficacy.

Advantages of CRISPR-Cas9 combined organoid model in the study of congenital nervous system malformations.

In the past 10 years, gene-editing and organoid culture have completely changed the process of biology. Congenital nervous system malformations are difficult to study due to their polygenic pathogenicity, the complexity of cellular and neural regions of the brain, and the dysregulation of specific neurodevelopmental processes in humans. Therefore, the combined application of CRISPR-Cas9 in organoid models may provide a technical platform for studying organ development and congenital diseases. Here, we first summarize the occurrence of congenital neurological malformations and discuss the different modeling methods of congenital nervous system malformations. After that, it focuses on using organoid to model congenital nervous system malformations. Then we summarized the application of CRISPR-Cas9 in the organoid platform to study the pathogenesis and treatment strategies of congenital nervous system malformations and finally looked forward to the future.

Severe Streptococcus pneumoniae-associated red blood cell T-polyagglutination and plasma exchange strategy / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To identify and propose blood transfusion suggestions for 3 children suspected to have red blood cell T polyagglutination. 【Methods】 According to the RBC reactions with phytohemagglutinin, adult serum and cord blood serum, aggregation test with polybrene reagent and MN antigen phenotype test were carried out on 3 children to confirm the presence of T polyagglutination. The donor serum with negative or weak reactions was selected by minor cross matching for the 3 children who needed therapeutic plasma exchange(TPE). 【Results】 Three cases of RBC T polyagglutination were caused by bacterial infection, with transient appearance of MN antigen; the samples were reactive to peanut agglutinin, soybean agglutinin, adult serum but nonreactive to cord blood serum, and didn′t aggregate after adding polybrene reagent. After receiving timely TPE, the T polyagglutination gradually disappeared. 【Conclusion】 Some bacteria, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, may cause polyagglutination of red blood cells. The patients with suspected T polyagglutination should be diagnosed in time. For T polyagglutination patients, the minor matched plasma should be used for avoiding the random plasma with anti-T antibody transfusion.

Role of ferroptosis in coal dust induced mouse models of coal workers' pneumoconiosis / 环境与职业医学

Background Coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) is a serious occupational disease. Whether ferroptosis, a form of necrotic regulated cell death, is involved in coal dust induced mouse models of CWP needs further survey. Objective This experiment is designed to elucidate the role of ferroptosis in the formation of CWP induced by coal dust in mice. Methods C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to a saline group or a CWP group, with eight mice in each group. The mice were treated with 0.1 mL normal saline or 0.1 mL coal dust suspensions (50g·L-1) via intra-tracheal instillation. HE staining and Masson staining were used to show lung injury and lung fibrosis. Iron concentration in mouse lung tissues was measured using iron assay kit. Lipid peroxidation was estimated in lung tissues by malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and immunofluorescence intensity, and the ratio of glutathione (GSH) to L-glutathione oxidized (GSSG). Western blotting and real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR were used to test protein and mRNA expression levels of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and ferritin in mice. Results Coal dust injured pulmonary structure, thickened alveolar wall, and caused collagen deposition and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the CWP group. The iron concentration in the CWP group [(10.75 ± 5.42) mg·L−1] was higher than that in the saline group [(1.14 ± 0.37) mg·L−1] (P < 0.01). The MDA concentration in the CWP group [(37.32 ± 12.18) μmol·L−1] was higher than that in the saline group [(18.70 ± 8.22) μmol·L−1] (P <0.01). The immunofluorescence intensity of MDA in the CWP group was stronger than that in the saline group. The GSH/GSSG ratio decreased in CWP treated mice (1.50 ± 1.70) compared with the normal saline treated ones (4.95 ± 2.86) (P < 0.01). Compared with the saline group (38.84 ± 15.61 for GPX4, 225.90 ± 54.34 for ferritin), the relative expression levels of GPX4 and ferritin mRNA in the CWP group were downregulated (14.29 ± 7.21 for GPX4, 106.70 ± 36.70 for ferritin) (P < 0.01). Compared with the saline group (1.47 ± 0.54 for GPX4, 1.73 ± 0.34 for ferritin), the relative expression levels of GPX4 and ferritin protein in the CWP group were also downregulated (0.92 ± 0.22 for GPX4, 0.97 ± 0.09 for ferritin) (P < 0.05). Conclusion Ferroptosis may be involved in the formation of coal workers' pneumoconiosis induced by coal dust in mice.

Survival analysis of people living with HIV/AIDS in Sichuan province, 1991-2017 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective@#To analyze the survival time of people living with HIV/AIDS and related influencing factors in Sichuan province during 1991-2017.@*Methods@#A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the data of 143 988 HIV/AIDS cases. The data were collected from Chinese HIV/AIDS Comprehensive Information Management System. Life table method was used to calculate the survival proportion of the cases, and Cox proportion hazard regression model was used to identify the factors related with survival time.@*Results@#Among 143 988 HIV/AIDS cases a total of 30 420 cases died of AIDS related diseases (21.1%) and the average survival time was 11.51 years (95%CI: 11.39-11.64). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the influencing factors for the survival of HIV/AIDS cases were gender (male vs. female, HR=1.35, 95%CI: 1.32-1.40), education level (primary school or below vs. junior middle school: HR=1.15, 95%CI: 1.12-1.18), ethnic group (Han vs. other ethnic groups, HR=1.46, 95%CI: 1.41-1.52), occupation (farmer vs. other occupations: HR=1.26, 95%CI: 1.22-1.29), age (≥55 years old vs. 15-24 years old: HR=3.18, 95%CI: 3.02- 3.36), disease phase (AIDS vs. HIV infection: HR=1.44, 95%CI: 1.39-1.48), antiretroviral therapy (ART) (receiving ART vs. receiving no ART: HR=0.20, 95%CI: 0.19-0.20), and CD4+T cell counts at diagnosis (>500 cells/μl vs.<200 cells/μl: HR=0.42, 95%CI: 0.40-0.45).@*Conclusions@#The average survival time of HIV/AIDS cases was 11.51 years in Sichuan during 1991- 2017. The risk factors for the survival of the cases were male, education level of primary school or below, Han ethnic group, farmer, old age at diagnosis, disease phase, The protective factors for the survival of HIV/AIDS cases were receiving ART and higher CD4+ T cell counts at diagnosis.

Cystatin C combined with carotid artery plaque score improves predictability of significant coronary ar-tery disease in patients with chest pain / 实用医学杂志

Objective To assess the value of plasma level of cystatin C(Cyst-C)and carotid artery plaque score(PS)in predicting significant coronary artery disease(SCAD)in patients with chest pain. Methods A total of 192 patients with chest pain were involved retrospectively. According to the coronary angiography results ,the patients were divided into groups of SCAD (n = 128) and non-significant coronary artery disease (NSCAD , n = 64). Analyses were done to discuss the association of Cyst-C and PS with SCAD and the predictive value of Cyst-C and PS for SCAD. Results Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that Cyst-C and PS were independent predictors of SCAD. The odds ratios(OR)associated with the Cyst-C(each 1 mg/L)and PS(each 1 mm)for prediction of SCAD were 1.329 and 1.197,respectively. The areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curves(AUC)for the Cyst-C and the PS to predict the SCAD were 0.654 and 0.688,respectively. The combination of Cyst-C and PS increased the AUC to 0.742. The optimal cut-off value of Cyst-C was 0.95 mg/L and had a sensitivity of 72.3% for SCAD. Similarly,the optimal cut-off level of PS was 3mm which presented a sensitivity of 70.7%. A Cyst-C ≥ 0.95 mg/L and a PS ≥ 3 mm had negative predictive values of 46.3% and 48.3%,respectively,for SCAD. By combining Cyst-C with PS ,the sensitivity and negative predictive value increased to 83.6%and 62.5%, respectively. Conclusions Cyst-C and PS are both correlated with SCAD. They are independent predictive factors for SCAD in patients with chest pain. Combination of Cyst-C and PS can improve the predictability ,which may increase the reliability of screening SCAD before cardiac catheterization.

Research of Correlation between Platelet Function and Count of Pregnancy / 实用妇产科杂志

Objective:To discuss the correlation between platelet count and thrombelastogram(TEG) parameters on pregnancy whose platelet count on the various levels,in order to find the intrinsic relations of platelet function and count,to provide the basis of the function evaluation of PLT during pregnancy and treatment.Methods:The PLT count,TEG parameters and coagulation function were tested in 200 pregnancy women from October 2014 to March 2016.Spearman test was used to analyze the correlation between the platelet count TEG parameters and coagulation function.Results:The TEG parameters which were positively correlatd with PLT count included MA(r =0.756,P ＜ 0.01),Angle (r =0.626,P ＜ 0.01),CI (r =0.635,P ＜ 0.01);The TEG parameters which were negatively correlatd with PLT count was K(r=-0.695,P ＜0.01);The TEG parameters which were not correlatd with PLT count included R、APTT、PT.In the mild lack of platelet group(PLT count 70 × 109/L-135 × 109/L) and the low value group(PLT count 135 × 109/L-200 × 109/L),platelet count was positive correlated with MA and Cl,ln the low value group and the high value group(PLT count ＞200 ×109/L),platelet count was positive correlated with Angle.In the mild lack of platelet group,the low value group and the high value group,platelet count was negatively correlated with K,In the severe lack of platelet group (PLT count 30 × 10 9/L-70 × 10 9/L),platelet count was negatively correlated with Fg.In the other group,there was no significant correlation between platelet count and TEG parameters、blood coagulation parameters.Conclusions:Platelet count was significantly correlated with MA,Angle and CI;But on the pregnancy with platelet count was extreme low value and high value,platelet count can not reflect the aggregation function,MA can more sensitively reflectthe platelet function.

Characteristics of Thromboelastography in Patients with Advanced Pregnancy Complicated with Severe Preeclampsia / 中国医科大学学报

Objective To analysis the characteristics of thromboelastography and coagulation test in patients with advanced pregnancy combined with severe preeclampsia. Methods A retrospective single?center study was conducted. 35 patients with advanced pregnancy combined with se?vere preeclampsia who were admitted to hospital from January 2012 to December 2014 were analyzed compared to 43 third trimester patients with?out any complication. All the patients were treated based on the routine strategy. Blood sample were taken from the middle elbow vein to test blood cell count,serum biochemistry test,routine coagulation test and thromboelastography. All the results,including R,K,CI,α?angle and MA value, were compared between two groups. Analysis was performed to evaluate the correlation between all parameters of TEG and coagulation test. Re?sults There was no statistical significance between two groups in age ,prothrombin time and activated partial prothrombin time. In the severe pre?eclampsia group,the R value of TEG was increased(5.21±1.20 min vs 6.19±1.55 min,t=-3.144,P=0.002),α?angel was decreased(64.43°± 7.90° vs 60.37°±7.09°,t=2.367,P=0.02),and CI was decreased(0.81±2.27 vs-0.37±1.82,t=2.495,P=0.015). In blood cell count test,the platelets count was decreased in severe preeclampsia group[(217.48±65.68)×109/L vs(166.65±61.39)×109/L,t=3.500,P=0.001]. In routine coagulation test,only thrombin clotting time was increased in severe preeclampsia group(14.59±0.51 s vs 15.28±0.97 s,F=-3.800,P<0.001). In serum biochemistry test,the albumin was decreased in severe preeclampsia group(34.75±3.90 g/L vs 28.77±4.05 g/L,t=6.632,P<0.001),while serum urea nitrogen was increased(2.78±0.87 mmol/L vs 5.98±8.07 mmol/L,F=-2.333,P=0.026). In correlation analysis,thrombin clot?ting time had relationship between R(r=0.290,P=0.010),CI(r=-0.257,P=0.023)andα?angle(r=-0.243,P=0.032). Platelets count cor?related with CI(r=0.383,P=0.001),K(r=-0.409,P<0.001),α?angle(r=0.375,P=0.001)and MA(r=0.512,P<0.001). Conclusion For those who suffered from severe preeclampsia patients with advanced pregnancy,low coagulation function occurs in most of the patients com?pared to those patients without any complications. Thromboelastography may be helpful for those who have high risk factors ,especially with low platelets count and increased thrombin clotting time ,so as to reduce the incidence of bleeding or thromboembolic diseases.

Acanthoic acid ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury.

Acanthoic acid, a pimaradiene diterpene isolated from Acanthopanax koreanum, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory activities. However, the effects of acanthoic acid on LPS-induced acute lung injury have not been reported. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of acanthoic acid on LPS-induced ALI and to clarify the possible anti-inflammatory mechanisms. In vivo, an LPS-induced ALI model in mice was used to assess the protective effects of acanthoic acid on ALI. Meanwhile, mouse alveolar macrophages MH-S were stimulated with LPS in the presence or absence of acanthoic acid. The expressions of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1ß were measured by ELISA. LXRα and NF-κB expression were detected by Western blot analysis. The results showed that acanthoic acid downregulated LPS-induced TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1ß production in BALF. MPO activity and lung wet-to-dry ratio were also inhibited by acanthoic acid. In addition, acanthoic acid attenuated lung histopathologic changes. In vitro, acanthoic acid inhibited inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1ß production and NF-κB activation in LPS-stimulated alveolar macrophages. Acanthoic acid was found to up-regulated the expression of LXRα. The inhibition of acanthoic acid on LPS-induced cytokines and NF-κB activation can be abolished by LXRα siRNA. In conclusion, our results suggested that the protective effect of acanthoic acid on LPS-induced ALI was due to its ability to activate LXRα, thereby inhibiting LPS-induced inflammatory response.

Expressions and their Significance of Ki-67, p53, and survivin in esophageal cancer and precancerosis / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the expressions and clinical significance of Ki-67,p53,and survivin in esophageal cancer and precancerosis.Methods The expressions of Ki-67,p53,and survivin proteins were detected by immunohistochemical staining in 40 normal esophageal mucosa,136 precancerosis (42 mild atypical hyperplasia,43 moderate atypical hyperplasia,and 51 severe atypical hyperplasia),and 68 esophageal cancer tissues.The correlation of three proteins expressed in esophageal carcinoma tissues was analyzed.Results The positive expression rate of Ki-67 was 0 (0/40)for normal epithelium,35.7％ (15/42) for mild dysplasia,51.2％ (22/43) for moderate dysplasia,74.5％ (38/51) for severe dysplasia,92.6％ (63/68) for squamous carcinoma,respectively.The positive expression rate of p53 protein was 0 (0/40) for normal epithelium,28.6％ (12/42) for mild dysplasia,46.5％ (20/43) for moderate dysplasia,52.9％ (27/51) for severe dysplasia,67.6％ (46/68) for squamous carcinoma,respectively.The positive expression rate of survivin protein was 0 (0/40) for normal epithelium,38.1％ (16/42) for mild dysplasia,55.8％ (24/43) for moderate dysplasia,64.7％ (33/51) for severe dysplasia,89.7％ (61/68) for squamous carcinoma,respectively.Rank correlation analysis showed that abnormal expressions of Ki-67,p53,and survivin were correlated significantly with the pathological grading of the lesions (r =0.637,0.454,0.590,P ＜0.01).The expressions of Ki-67,p53,and survivin were positively correlated in esophageal carcinoma (r =0.407,0.646,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The abnormal expressions of Ki67,p53,and survivin were associated with the processes of the esophageal canceration,and the joint detection with three parameters has important clinical value.

Derivation of mesenchymal stem cell lines from menstrual blood / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stem cels are proved to be a new type of adult stem cels. To date, little is reported on the methods of establishing this kind of cel lines systematicaly. OBJECTIVE:To isolate, culture, identify and finaly establish menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stem cel lines. METHODS:Menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stem cels were isolated from the menstrual blood of healthy female donors and cultured accordingly using density gradient centrifugation method. Cel morphology and proliferation characteristics were observed, and proliferative ability was detected by cel counting kit-8 assay. Cels were colected periodicaly for karyotype analysis. Expressions of cel surface antigens such as CD34, CD38, CD44, CD45, CD73, CD90, CD105 and Oct-4 were analyzed using flow cytometry. Cel pluripotency were identified by inducing adipogenesis and osteogenesis in vitro. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:We successfuly established four menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stem cel lines from the menstrual blood of six healthy volunteers. The cultured cel lines had a typical spindle shape and kept normal 46, XX karyotype. The cels grew rapidly and entered into the logarithmic growth phase at 48 hours after passaging. The results of flow cytometry showed that menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stem cels were positive for CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105 and Oct-4, while negative for CD38, CD34 and CD45. Menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stem cels were positive for oil red O staining at 22 days after adipogenic induction and also positive for alizarin red staining at 2 weeks after osteogenetic induction. In conclusion, our study suggests that menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stem cels with stable karyotype and pluripotency can proliferate quickly, and we can provide a new resource for stem cel therapy and regenerative medicine through establishing the menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stem cel lines.

Correlation between urinary fluoride level and prevalence of dental caries-the effects of defluoridation for 10 years / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective To study the relationship between the level of fluoride in urine and the prevalence of dental caries in children before and after the defluoridation, and to provide a basis for assessment of the effects of defluoridation projects and for control of dental caries.Methods Wamiao Village, in Jiangsu Province, a formerly severe endemic fluorosis area, was selected to carry out the study.All children aged 8-13 years old before the defuoridation were investigated from September to November in 2002, and children 8-10 years old who were born after the defluoridation were investigated from September to November in 2013.Urinary fluoride level of the children and the prevalence of dental caries were determined, and their relationships were analyzed.The urina sanguinis samples of children were collected in the morning, and the urine fluoride level was tested using the fluoride ion selective electrode.Dental caries diagnoses was referenced to Dental Caries.Results Totally children's urine samples were 236 and 68 respectively before and after defluoridation.Urinary fluoride level of the children was significantly decreased from (3.53 ± 1.81)mg/L (before defluoridation) to (1.39 ± 0.66)mg/L (after defluoridation, t =9.506, P ＜ 0.01);the prevalence of dental caries was increased from 52.73％ (29/55, before defluoridation) to 63.24％ (43/68, after defluoridation), however, the difference was not significant (x2 =1.383, P ＞ 0.05).The DMFT increased from 1.18 (before defluoridation) to 1.68 (after defluoridation), and the epidemic levels of dental caries were all at lower levels.The relationship between urine fluoride level and the prevalence of dental caries as well as the DMFT before defluoridation was a U-shape dose-response curve;which was gone after defluoridation.Conclusions The urinary fluoride level is significantly decreased after defluoridation for 10 years, the prevalence of dental caries is increased but not significantly.The results of this study indicate that the measure of fluoridation to prevent dental caries needs to be further validated.

Effects of leukocyte-depleted allogeneic blood transfusion on perioperative cellular immunity in children / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To evaluate the effects of leukocyte-depleted allogeneic blood transfusion on perioperative cellular immunity in children.Methods Three hundred and fifty-nine ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ children (aged 3 months-14 years and weighing 5-74 kg) requiring allogeneic blood transfusion during operation were randomly divided into two groups:163 children receiving normal allogeneic blood transfusion (control group,group C) and 196 children receiving leukocyte-depleted allogeneic blood transfusion (group D).Blood samples were collected from the peripheral vein before blood transfusion,and 2 and 6 days after blood transfusion for determination of the levels of CD3+,CD4+,CD8 +,and CD56+ by flow cytometry.CD4+ /CD8+ ratio was calculated.The volume of allogeneic blood transfusion during operation,the duration of operation,postoperative drainage,antibiotic administration,hospital stay and the incidence of postoperative infection were recorded.Rssults The levels of CD3+,CD4+,CD56+ and CD4+/CD8+ ratio significantly increased at 6 days after blood transfusion while the duration of postoperative drainage,postoperative antibiotic administration,hospital stay and the incidence of postoperative infection significantly decreased in group D compared with group C.Conclusion Leukocyte-depleted allogeneic blood transfusion is helpful in improving the postoperative cellular immunity in children.

Immunophenotypic, Cytogenetic and Clinical Features in Chinese Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL) Patients

<p><b>INTRODUCTION</b>This study sought to investigate the immunophenotypic subtype profiles of 110 Chinese adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and its association to cytogenetics and the clinical features.</p><p><b>MATERIALS AND METHODS</b>A total of 110 adult patients with ALL were immunophenotyped by CD45/SSC double parameters and 4 colour flow cytometry. Seventy-three cases were also subjected to karyotype analysis by R-banding technology. The clinical and laboratory data of 110 ALL patients were retrospectively analysed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of all the patients, 21.8% were identified as T-ALL, 78.2% as B-ALL. Abnormal karyotypes were detected in 37 out of 73 (50.7%) cases and the most common cytogenetic abnormality was the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome, which was found in 23.3% (17/73) of the cases. Myeloid antigen (MyAg) expression was documented in 47.3% of the 110 adult ALL cases analysed and CD13 was the most commonly expressed MyAg in ALL patients (32.1 %). No difference was observed in the expression of MyAg between the groups of patients with T-ALL (45.8%) and B-ALL (47.7%). Our data showed that older age, higher CD34 positivity and lower proportion of patients with splenomegaly were found to be correlated with MyAg+ ALL, and that patients with Ph+ B-ALL were older, presented with higher haemoglobin level and higher CD34 expression. No statistical difference was noted in complete remission (CR) rate, relapse rate, induction mortality or total death rate among My+ and My-, Ph+ and Ph-, or B-ALL and T-ALL patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our results indicate that the distribution of ALL in Chinese adult patients was similar with the general distribution pattern in the other countries, and the expression of MyAg in patients with T-ALL and B-ALL was comparable. Both the expression of MyAg and the presence of Ph chromosome in adult ALL were significantly associated with median age and CD34 expression while not with the response to induction treatment.</p>

Proliferation and differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells under different mechanical strains / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:In vitro and in vivo studies of cel response to a variety of mechanical loadings have demonstrated the stimulation of bone formation by loads. However, the effects of different mechanical strains on the same cel s have never been adequately studied by far. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of different mechanical strains on rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s. METHODS:Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were isolated and cultured in vitro. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were subjected to different stimulations including dynamic stretch, static stretch and hybrid stretch through the use of custom-made mechanical stretch device. Cel ular proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity and mRNA expression of Runx2 of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were detected and the secretion of osteocalcin was evaluated under three different stretch modes respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared to the control group, cel proliferation increased by 18.67%, however, alkaline phosphatase activity, Runx2 expression and osteocalcin secretion were not changed obviously in the static stretchgroup. Compared to the control group, alkaline phosphatase activity, Runx2 expression and osteocalcin secretion increased by 60.33%, 49.67%and 48%respectively;however, cel proliferation was inhibited, in the dynamic stretch group. Compared to the control group, cel proliferation was slightly, but not significantly, increased in the hybrid stretch group, and the alkaline phosphatase activity, Runx2 expression and osteocalcin secretion increased although the increases were not as apparent as those in the dynamic stretch group. These findings suggest that static mechanical strain can significantly promote cel proliferation, the dynamic mechanical strain more greatly promotes osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s, and the hybrid mechanical strain promotes the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s.

An clinicopathological analysis and literature review of pleuropulmonary blastoma in an adult / 重庆医学

Objective To explore the clinicopathological features ,diagnosis and differential diagnosis of pleuropulmonary blasto-ma(PPB) .Methods A case of PPB was reported by light microscopic observation ,immunohistochemistry and molecular pathology study with review of related literature .Results A 45-year-old female was admitted to the hospital because of cough and dyspnea . Chest radiogram revealed a solid mass in the left lung .Grossly ,the tumor was described as a firm lesion with lumina or multicystic components and well-circumscribed margins .Microscopically ,the tumor was composed of sheets of malignant primitive small cells and fascicles of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma-like cells with foci hyalinized stroma .Beneath the benign epithelium ,the primitive mesenchymal cells showed as mixed blastematous and sarcomatous characteristics that plump spindle shaped cells presented poor differention with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasms and brisk mitotic activities .Immunohistochemically ,vimentin and MyoD-1 were positive in malignant small cells but some epithelial markers are negative .Meanwhile ,K-RAS extron 3 mutation was detected by high resolution melting analysis(HRMA) .Conclusion Pleuropulmonary blastoma(PPB) is a rare malignant tumor with unique clinicopathological features .It should be distinguished from some mimics such as pulmonary blastoma and embryonal rhabdomyo-sarcoma .

Maturation and upregulation of functions of murine dendritic cells (DCs) under the influence of purified aromatic-turmerone (AR).

The aim of this work is to evaluate the effects of purified aromatic-turmerone (ar-turmerione, AR) on murine dendritic cells (DCs). These impacts of AR on DCs from bone marrow derived DCs(BMDCs) were assessed with use of conventional scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), cytochemistry assay, FITC-dextran, bio-assay and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We found that AR induced phenotypic maturation as evidenced by increased expression of CD86, CD40, CD83, CD80 and major histocompatibility complex II (MHC II). The functional tests showed the activity of acidic phosphatase (ACP) inside the DCs were downregulated after treatment with AR (which occurs when phagocytosis of DCs were decreased). Finally, we proved that AR increased the production of IL-12 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). These data suggested that AR could promote phenotypic and functional maturation of DCs and this adjuvant-like activity may have potential therapeutic value. It is therefore concluded that AR could exert positive modulation on murine DCs.

Effects of leukocyte-depleted allogeneic blood transfusion on perioperative cellular immunity in children / 中华麻醉学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of leukocyte-depleted allogeneic blood transfusion on perioperafive cellular immunity in children.MethodsThree hundred and fifty-nine ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ children aged 3 month-14 yr,weighing 5-74 kg requiring allogeneic blood transfusion during operation were randomly divided into 2 groups:control group (group C,n =163) and leukocyte depletion group (group D,n =196).In group D allogeneic blood was filtered with a leukocyte filter before being transfused during operation.Blood samples were collected from peripheral vein before blood transfusion,and at 2 and 6 d after blood transfusion for determination of levels of CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,and CD56+ by flow cytometry.CD4+/CD8+ ratio was calculated.The volume of allogeneic blood transfused during operation,the duration of operation,postoperative drainage,antibiotics administration and hospital stay and incidence of postoperative infection were recorded.ResultsThe levels of CD3+,CD4+,CD56+ and CD4+/CD8+ ratio were significantly increased at 6 d after blood transfusion while the duration of postoperative drainage,postoperative antibiotics administration and hospital stay and incidence of postoperative infection were significantly decreased in group D compared with group C.ConclusionLeukocyte-depleted allogeneic blood transfusion is helpful in improving the postoperative cellular immunity in children.

3.0 T MR diffusion weighted imaging in the evaluation of radio-frequency ablation of the liver VX2 tumors / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate 3.0 T MR DWI techniques in detecting the lesions of pre and post-radiofrequency ablation of the rabbit liver VX2 tumors. Methods Twenty two New Zealand white rabbits were used in this experiment. Twenty tumor fragments were implanted into the livers of 20 rabbits respectively. Two normal rabbits were used as controls for radiofrequency ablation of the normal liver. 3.0 T MR DWI was performed 14 to 21 days after tumor implantation (mean, 17 days) in the tumor-bearing animals. Radiofrequency ablation was performed in the 18 tumor-bearing animals and in the two healthy animals. 3.0 T MRI and DWI were performed 7 to 10 days after radiofrequency ablation (mean, 8 days).Pathology was obtained immediately after the completion of post-radiofrequency ablation MR imaging. The MRI features and ADC values of pre- and post -radiofrequency ablation lesions in the liyers with VX2 tumors and normal rabbits were analyzed and correlation was made with histopathologic findings. Analysis of variance repeated measures were performed in analyzing the differences among the ADC values of different tissues with the same b value. Results All 20 rabbit liver models of VX2 tumors were constructed successfully. One rabbit died of anesthetic overdose, another one showed necrosis within the implanted tumor. All 18 untreated VX2 tumors had predominantly low or iso-signal intensity on T1 WI and high signal intensity on T2WI. All 18 VX2 tumors and 2 normal rabbits were treated by radiofrequency ablation successfully. Lesions treated by Radiofrequency ablation displayed low signal intensity on T1 WI, and high signal intensity on T2WI. Seven to 10 days after radiofrequency ablation, lesions varied from having low signal intensity to slightly increased signal intensity on T1 WI, with areas of mixed ( high, intermediate, and low) signal intensity. A peripheral rim of high signal intensity with varying thickness on T2WI correlated with granulation tissue, which exhibited intense enhancement on contrast-enhanced images. Areas of low to intermediate signal intensity within the lesion on T2WI corresponded to coagulation necrosis. The tumor tissue appeared as areas of peripheral nedularity, with intermediate to high signal intensity on T2-weighted images and DWI. The tumor specimen was gray, among the tumor tissue, there were hyperplastic vessels,and granulation tissue. When b value was 600 s/mm2 , the ADC value of viable tumor (9 cases), necrosis (18 cases), granulation tissue ( 18 cases), normal liver tissue ( 18 cases) were ( 1. 227 ±0. 140) × 10-3,(0. 702 ± 0. 050)×10-3, ( 1.918 ± 0.124) × 10-3, ( 1. 739 ± 0. 044 ) × 10-3 mm2/s, respectively, which were statistically significant (P ＜0. 01 ). When b =200,400,600,800,1000 s/mm2, the differences of ADC values among viable tumor, granulation tissue, necrosis,normal liver tissue were also statistically significant ( P ＜0. 01 ). Conclusion The rabbit liver VX2 tumor models and 3.0 T MR DWI are important tools in the basic and clinical researches of radiofrequency ablation.

Effects of echo time on the liver fat quantification using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy / 生物医学工程学杂志

This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of different echo time (TE) on the liver fat quantification using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). Liver 1H-MRS was performed on 24 adult male wistar rats on a 1.5 T superconductor MR scanner. Spectrums were collected with a TR of 1500 ms and different TE of 35, 45, 55, 65, 75, 85, 95, 105, 144 ms, respectively. The water and lipid peaks, baseline of the spectrum and lipid to water ratio were evaluated. With the increment of TE, the amplitude and integrated area of the water and lipid peaks decreased, and the baseline of the spectrum and the lipid to water ratio became unstable. The lipid to water ratio determined by 1H-MRS was highly correlated with the liver fat content determined by pathological analysis at TE between 35 and 55 ms (r > 0.9) and poorly to moderately correlated at TE > or =65 ms (r < 0.9). The results indicated that long TE would compromise the liver fat quantification using 1H-MRS, and therefore short TE was strongly recommended for liver fat quantification.